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- WORLD, Page 43POLANDWill He or Won't He?
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- Lech Walesa's display of ambition makes Poles wonder if he is
- the country's savior or spoiler
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- By JOHN BORRELL/WARSAW
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- After skillfully leading his country's march toward
- democracy for a decade, Lech Walesa suddenly seems out of step
- with the times. Last week Walesa stumbled badly when he admitted
- publicly for the first time that he wanted to be Poland's
- President and proposed that elections be held as soon as
- possible. "I confirm," he responded cryptically but clearly to
- a question about his candidacy. "It is necessary to speed up the
- pace of reform and demolish the old structures."
-
- The words caused consternation in Warsaw, particularly
- within the Solidarity government Walesa helped create. "He seems
- prepared to put everything we have achieved this year at risk
- to further his personal ambitions," said a Cabinet member.
- Echoed Dariusz Fikus, editor in chief of the government daily
- Rzeczpospolita: "Preservation of the existing order for as long
- as possible is in the best interests of the country. New
- elections mean destabilization and another six months wasted."
-
- Walesa later tried to back away from his announcement, even
- claiming on a TV show that he had not made a decision to run for
- President. "I just want to provoke a discussion to accelerate
- reforms," he said. But the backtracking only prompted many Poles
- to wonder whether Walesa had been transformed from the country's
- savior to an ambitious political spoiler.
-
- Although general elections are not scheduled until 1993 and a
- presidential vote need not be held until 1995, both are expected
- to be brought forward to early next year. This would enable a
- Solidarity-dominated legislature to elect a replacement for
- General Wojciech Jaruzelski, the communist who became a
- compromise transitional President last July.
-
- The government of Prime Minister Tadeusz Mazowiecki is
- against holding elections any sooner for fear of upsetting the
- economic reforms now taking hold. Moreover, many Solidarity
- officials and legislators are opposed to Walesa's candidacy,
- dismissing him as a political has-been out of touch with the new
- realities.
-
- Last summer, when Solidarity formed the first noncommunist
- government in Eastern Europe in four decades, Walesa could
- easily have headed it. But he chose instead to nominate
- Mazowiecki, a longtime Solidarity activist, as Prime Minister.
- He also accepted Jaruzelski as President, partly to ensure
- continuity during the transition but also to reassure the
- Soviets at a time when no one was certain just how much reform
- they would allow.
-
- Walesa, though, has grown unhappy playing second fiddle to
- Mazowiecki. While the Prime Minister was in Warsaw making policy
- and winning headlines, Walesa has been running what often seemed
- a shadow government from a second-floor office near the Gdansk
- shipyards that were his springboard into history. In recent
- weeks he began criticizing the government for the slow pace of
- reform. Says Professor Adam Bromke of the Polish Academy of
- Sciences: "He is having to share a stage that was once his
- alone, and he doesn't like it."
-
- While Mazowiecki has been a thoughtful and precise leader,
- Walesa frequently gives the impression of rumpled sartorial and
- intellectual disorder. Receiving a group of TIME editors two
- weeks ago in Gdansk in slippers and checked shirt, he made a
- passionate appeal, laced with colorful metaphors, for Western
- aid. But when pushed on specifics, he rambled or retreated into
- further metaphors. "We are like men learning to swim," he
- replied to a question on whether Poland was receiving enough aid
- from the West. "If you don't help us to learn, we will pull you
- down with us."
-
- This week Solidarity will hold its first congress since
- 1981. Walesa will certainly be re-elected leader of the trade
- union, and that will give him a base to further his political
- ambitions. That now seems to be what most interests the man who
- led the Polish struggle to overthrow communism.
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